What is the crack in the ocean floor through which magma rises?

How does sediment that is closer to a mid-ocean ridge compare to sediment that is farther away?

Magnetic patterns on the ocean floor were puzzling because they

Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift was finally confirmed by

Tectonic plates can include

The Himalaya Mountains were formed in a collision at a

An example of a transform boundary is the

The force exerted by the leading edge of a subducting plate is

What often forms when large terranes and continents collide?

Madagascar has unique species of plants and animals because

Modern climates are a result of past movements of

North America and Eurasia were formed when a rift separated the continent of

According to Wegener, what happened about 250 million years ago?

Which of the following was NOT a piece of evidence Wegener found to support his hypothesis?

The study of paleomagnetism was key in proving Wegener’s hypothesis because

The theory that explains why and how continents move is called

Frequent earthquakes in an area may indicate

Convection, ridge push, and slab pull work together to produce

A terrane becomes part of a continent in a process called

What is one way tectonic plate movement affects climate?

Panthalassa was

The splitting of Pangaea into two continents is part of

Tectonic plates are blocks of

An example of a divergent boundary is

Where do deep-ocean trenches form?

What occurs at a transform boundary?

Built-up heat from the mantle that weakens lithosphere causes

A seamount colliding with a continent and forming a mountain chain on the continent is an example of

Scientists used the alternating pattern of normal and reversed polarity in rocks to formulate the ______________________________.

The zone of active volcanoes that encircles the Pacific Ocean is known as the ____________________.

The region along a plate boundary where one plate moves under another plate is called a(n) ____________________.

The supercontinent that formed about 300 million years ago is called ____________________.

Suppose you found a fossil of a plant in Colorado that is found today only in tropical climates. How would you explain this?

How are earthquakes and volcanoes related?

What are the main differences between oceanic crust and continental crust?

Describe the forces that move tectonic plates.

Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift was strongly opposed in the early 1900s. One reason was that scientists did not understand exactly how the continents moved. What other reasons might have caused scientists to be unconvinced despite strong evidence?

Why do you think Wegener was unable to prove the theories of continental drift and plate tectonics before his death in 1930?

Laurasia split apart from a supercontinent and began to drift northward. A new rift split it in two. This rift formed the North Atlantic Ocean. Explain how and why these occurrences probably affected Laurasia’s climate.

Baja California is a peninsula 1,250 km long. It begins at Tijuana, Mexico, in the north, just south of San Diego, California. It lies 200-300 km west of mainland Mexico, across the Bay of California. Scientists have discovered rhyolite in sedimentary rock in the San Diego, California area. Rhyolite is a purplish volcanic rock. Its source is the Sonora region of mainland Mexico. What explanation can you give for the presence of the rhyolite in the San Diego area?

During the past 3.5 million years, the Earth’s magnetic poles have reversed themselves 9 times. On the average, how often do Earth’s magnetic poles reverse?

If the Pacific plate has moved northwestward at an average of 9 cm per year, how many kilometers has it moved in the last 10,000 years?